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Showing posts from June, 2018

Research Design

A.     Introduction Research has been defined in a number of different ways, and while there are similarities, there does not appear to be a single, all-encompassing definition that is embraced by all who engage in it. One definition of research is used by the OECD, "Any creative systematic activity undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this knowledge to devise new applications. Another definition of research is given by  John W. Creswell , who states that r esearch is a process of steps used to collect and analyze information to increase our understanding of a topic or issue. It consists of three steps: pose a question, collect data to answer the question, and present an answer to the question. The Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defines research in more detail as "studious inquiry or examination; especially: investigation or experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation

Language and Linguistics

A.     Introduction Language is a system that consists of the development, acquisitions, maintenance, and use of complex systems of communication, particularly the human ability to do so; and a language is any specific example of such a system. Actually, many definitions of language have been proposed. For example, from Merriam Webster, language is the system of words or signs that people use to express thoughts or feelings to each other. Language is the use of a system of communication which consists of a set of sounds or written symbols. Language can also refer to various means of communication. Language, as described above is species specific to human beings. The primary purpose of language is to facilitate communication, it’s the transmission of information from one person to another. The scientific study of language is called linguistics . Linguistics will study morphology, syntax, phonetics, and semantics. Specific branches of linguistics include sociolingu